How much do you know about Solid?

Solid
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Hello friends, In the previous blog,  We have learnt about classification of matter.
If you haven't read then click the link below.
http://pcm-studywithfun.blogspot.in/state-of-matter.html

we know that different state of matter depends upon the intramolecular force of attraction.
solid has some following characteristics.

1. Solid has definite shape, mass and volume.
2. It has strong intermolecular force.
3. It has very low or negligible kinetic energy .
4. They have rigid and incompressible in nature.

Solid has two types on the basis of arrangement of constituent particles .

1. Crystalline solid - when constituent particles are regular orderly arranged , then the solid is called crystalline solid. For example - NaCl, Diamond , quartz etc.
2. Amorphous solid - when constituent particles are non regular orderly arranged , then the solid is called amorphous solid. For example - glass , rubber, plastic etc. 

Uses of amorphous solid-

• An amorphous solid glass and plastic is used in many household things. Like window, and many things of plastic.
• Silicon is also the example of an amorphous solid it has great use in technology.
• Rubber is the example of amorphous solid and it is used to make Tyres , shoe Soles etc.

      

    Let’s know differences between Crystalline and Amorphous solid.

Property	Crystalline solid	Amorphous solid
Arrangement of constituent particles	Regular orderly arranged (long range orderly arranged)	Irregular orderly arranged (Short range orderly arranged)
Shape	Geometrical shape	Irregular shape
Melting point	They have sharp melting point.	They don’t have sharp melting point.
Nature of solid	It is regarded as true solid.	It is pseudo solid. That’s why it is known as Super Cooled Liquid.
Cleavage property	When It is cut by sharp tool, two new and smooth surfaces are obtained. There is regularity in its external surface.	When It is cut by sharp tool, there is irregularity in its external form. So it does not show cleavage property.
Anisotropic nature	Crystalline solid are anisotropic in nature that means many physical property like thermal expansion, refractive index, conductivity etc. are different from different direction.	Amorphous solid are isotropic in nature that means many physical property are same from any direction. This is because It is short ranged orderly arranged.
Examples	NaCl, Dimond, All Covalent, Ionic, Mettalic, Molecular Bonded substances.	Rubber, Glass, plastic , silicon etc.

Some beheviour of Amorphous solid.

•  Glass panes fixed to windows or doors of old buildings are invariably found to be slightly thicker at the bottom than at the top. This is because the glass flows down very slowly and makes the bottom portion slightly thicker. Like liquids, amorphous solids have a tendency to flow, though very slowly. Therefore, sometimes these are called pseudo solids or supercooled liquids. 

 Hope you understand this topic.

We will study about types of crystalline  solid in the next segment. Click the link to read.

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